Question: Archaeopteryx is an extinct beast having feathers like a bird but teeth and a long bony tail like a reptile. Five fossil specimens have preserved both the femur and humerus bones The measurements (in centimeters) for each bone are given below.

Femur 38 56 59 64 74

Humerus 41 63 70 72 84

Scientists are interested in determining if there is a strong relationship between the lengths of the two bones so that they might be persuaded that the five specimens belong to the same species. The Minitab output for regression is provided below.

a. Make a scatterplot of the data with femur length as the predictor variable.

b. What is the slope of the regression equation?

c. What is the correlation coefficient, r?

d. Predict the length of a humerus for a fossil specimen with a femur that is 45 cm long.

e. Does the data suggest that the length of a femur and the length of a humerus are positively correlated? Test at the 0.01 level of significance. Be sure to explain your reasoning.