Critical Thinking Assignment 6

Peer-reviewed studies of quantitative research are clearly structured with an abstract, literature review, research question/hypothesis/null hypothesis, method, findings, and discussion. Identify the required information in the study "Cross-sectional analysis of psychological aspects of adolescent under achievers".

1. What is the purpose of this study?
   The purpose of this study is to assess the difference between underachievers and achievers in terms of the feelings about reading, including 5 specific dimensions: emotional difficulties, physical problem, mechanism of reading, self-concept, and interest in reading
2. What groups are compared in this study?
   The two groups that are compared in this study are 48 underachievers and 40 achievers.
3. What is the null hypothesis that this study tested?
   There are several null hypotheses in this study, one per each of the 5 dimensions that are analyzed.
   Ho1: There is no difference in emotional difficulties for underachievers and achievers.
   Ho2: There is no difference in physical problem for underachievers and achievers.
   Ho3: There is no difference in mechanism of reading for underachievers and achievers.
   Ho4: There is no difference in self-concept for underachievers and achievers.
   Ho5: There is no difference in interest in reading for underachievers and achievers.
4. What are the two tests of statistical significance that this study employed to test the null hypothesis?
   A t-test for independent variables and a Chi-Square test were used in this study.
5. What statistical test results are presented in Table 1 (p. 107)?
   The results of t-tests for comparing Underachievers and Achievers in terms of the 5 dimensions are being reported in table 1.
6. Fill the statistical information and conclusion about Physical Problems in the text boxes based on your understanding of the statistics in Table 1.

1. Meanachievers = 2.225 , Meanunderachiever = 3.166; t(df = 86) = 2.141, P <0.05.
2. Which group has a higher average number of physical problems? Underachiever
3. Is the test result statistically significant for rejecting the null hypothesis? Yes, it is significant at the 0.05 level

7. What statistical test results are presented in Table 2 (p. 108)?

The results of several Chi-Square tests are presented in Table 2.

8. Find out the meaning for the following acronyms in Table 2 and write them in the corresponding text boxes.

NT = Not true, ST =somewhat true, VT = very true

9. Find out the percentages of the responses to the statement, "When I read, I am usually thinking of something else" as well as the statistical significance between the groups. Write them in the text boxes based on your understanding of the statistics in Table 2.

1. Not TrueAchievers = 47.5%, Not Trueunderachiever = 22.9%; 2(df = 2) = 6.302, P <0.05.
2. To which group is the statement more likely to be not true? Achievers
3. Is the test result statistically significant for rejecting the null hypothesis? Yes, it is significant at the 0.05 significance level

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