Question: Suppose a test for a certain disease is given to Mike. The probability of a positive test result is .98 if someone has the disease, but the probability that someone has the disease if the patient’s test result is positive is .07. Mike receives a positive test result. The doctor tells Mike that it is very likely that he has the disease. The doctor’s response is an example of ______________________.

a. the “Law of Small Numbers”

b. the “The Gambler’s Fallacy”

c. the “Confusion of the Inverse”

d. the “Lack of Memory Property”