Question: For each of the scenarios below, answer each of the following questions, as applicable: 1) Could the correlation coefficient (r) be used to answer the researcher’s question? 2) Why or why not? 3) If the correlation coefficient cannot be used, what is an appropriate alternative method of evaluation (e.g. ANOVA, one-sample t-test, etc.)?

1. You are interested in determining if there is an association between academic department (BIO, EHS, EPI, GPH, HPM, PFH, SMS) and Quant midterm scores (0-100).
2. Researchers know there is an association between gestational age (in weeks) and birthweight (in grams). However, they would like to further explore this relationship and determine the magnitude of the relationship in their sample of 500 newborns.
3. Your colleague is conducting some preliminary analyses to help with your current research project. She is hoping to find that there is a negative linear relationship between the amount of time adolescents spend on social media websites per day (in minutes) and their scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (0-30) before proceeding with the research.
4. You are preparing to make a recommendation for the safest car for older adult drivers. One important factor is whether or not the car is able to protect the driver during an accident. For your evaluation, you gather data on 1,500 car accidents from the past year in which the driver was over the age of 65. The dataset notes the type of car (Car A, Car B, Car C, Car D, or Car E) and whether or not the driver was hospitalized. You would like to know if there is a relationship between type of car and hospitalization following an accident.

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