Question: A random digit dialing telephone survey of 880 drivers asked, "Recalling the last 10 traffic lights you drove through, how many of them were red when you entered to the intersection?" Of the 880 respondents, 171 admitted that at least one light had been red.

1. Give a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all drivers who ran one or more that of last ten red lights they met.
2. Nonresponse is a practical problem for this problem (Only 21.6% of calls that reached a live person were completed. Another practical problem is that people may not give truthful answers. What is the likely direction of the bias? Do you think that more or fewer than 171 of the 880 respondents really ran a red light? Why?

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