Question: A common concern for students (and teachers) is the assignment of grades for essays or term papers. Because there are no absolute right or wrong answers, these grades must be based on a judgment of quality. To demonstrate that these judgments actually are reliable, an English instructor asked a colleague to rank order a set of term papers. The ranks and the instructor's grades are as follows:

RANK GRADE

1 A

2 B

3 A

4 B

5 B

6 C

7 D

8 C

9 C

10 D

11 E

1. Calculate the Spearman correlation (ρ) for these data.
2. Based on this correlation, does it appear that there is reasonable agreement between these two instructors in their judgments of the papers? Explain.

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