Question: Imagine you are trying to maximize the amount you can win by betting on the Paralympic games. You wish to investigate the relationship between the number of medals a country wins, the population of that country, and the number of disabled children involved in sports programs in that country.

(a) If you wished to calculate how much of the variability in medals won you could account for on the basis of the other two variables, what statistic would you use? What information would you need to calculate that statistic?

(b) If you wished to know whether there was a relationship between number of medals won and number of disabled kids involved in sports programs, independent of a country's total population, what statistic would you use? What information would you need to calculate that statistic?