Question: #10: To evaluate the effect of a treatment, a sample of n = 9 is obtained from a population with a mean of \(\mu \) = 40, and the treatment is administered to the individuals in the sample. After treatment, the sample mean is found to be M = 33.

a. If the sample has a standard deviation of s = 9, are the data sufficient to conclude that the treatment has a significant effect using a two-tailed test with a = .05?

b. If the sample standard deviation is s = 15, are the data sufficient to conclude that the treatment has a significant effect using a two-tailed test with a = .05?

c. Comparing your answer for parts a and b, how does the variability of the scores in the sample influence the outcome of a hypothesis test?