Question: The pulse rates below were recorded over a 30-second time period, both before and after a physical fitness regimen. The data is shown below for 8 randomly selected participants. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that a significant amount of improvement took place? Assume pulse rates are normally distributed. Test using = 0.10.

? State the null and alternate hypotheses

? Calculate the mean and standard deviation

? Determine which test statistic applies, and calculate it

? Determine the critical value(s).

? State your decision: Should the null hypothesis be rejected?

Before 45 33 30 55 33 32 57 49

After 49 33 35 61 41 32 57 56