Question: An entomologist writes an article in a scientific journal which claims that fewer than 19% of male fireflies are unable to produce light due to a genetic mutation.

a. Write the null and alternative hypotheses for this experiment.

b. Identify the Type I error in this context.

(i) The error of rejecting the claim that the true proportion is at least 19% when it really is at least 19%.

(ii) The error of rejecting the claim that the true proportion is less than 19% when it really is less than 19%.

(iii) The error of failing to reject the claim that the true proportion is at least 19% when it is actually less than 19%.

(iv) The error of failing to accept the claim that the true proportion is at least 19% when it is actually less than 19%.

(v) The error of accepting the claim that the true proportion is at least 19% when it really is at least 19%.