Question: You have been asked to randomly choose 20 subjects from a group of 500 people to participate as subjects in an experiment. 10 of them will be asked to complete a mathematics exam in a silent room while the remainder will complete the same exam in a room that has classical music playing in the background.

a. Create an “arrow diagram” that explains the process of deciding which subjects are receiving each treatment.

b. Explain how either a calculator or a random number table may be used to decide which subjects will participate and which treatment each will receive.