Question: Payne (2001) gave participants a computerized task in which they first see a

face and then a picture of either a gun or a tool. The task was to press one button

if it was a tool and a different one if it was a gun. Unknown to the participants

while they were doing the study, the faces served as a "prime"

(something that starts you thinking a particular way) and half the time were of a

black person and half the time of a white person. Table 2–8 shows the means

and standard deviations for reaction times (time to decide if the picture is of a

gun or a tool) after either a black or white prime. (In Experiment 2, participants were told to decide as fast as possible.) Explain the results to a person who has

never had a course in statistics. (Be sure to explain some specific numbers as

well as the general principle of the mean and standard deviation.)

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