[Solution] Let A ∈ C^n * n be a Hermitian matrix, and fix the Euclidean inner product / norm on C^n . Let λ_1 ≤q •s ≤q λ_n
Question: Let \(A \in \mathbb{C}^{n \times n}\) be a Hermitian matrix, and fix the Euclidean inner product / norm on \(\mathbb{C}^{n} .\) Let \(\lambda_{1} \leq \cdots \leq \lambda_{n}\) be the eigenvalues of \(A\), repeated according to multiplicity. Show that
\[\lambda_{1}=\inf \left\{u^{*} A u:\|u\|=1\right\}\]
More generally show that if \(u_{1}, \ldots, u_{k}\) are orthonormal eigenvectors with eigenvalues \(\lambda_{1}, \ldots, \lambda_{k}\), respectively, where \(k
\[\lambda_{k+1}=\inf \left\{u^{*} A u:\|u\|=1,\left\langle u, u_{j}\right\rangle=0 \text { for all } j=1 \ldots, k\right\}\]
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