Question: The data set BWGHT.RAW contains data on births to women in the United States. Two variables of interest are the dependant variable, infant birth weight in ounces ( bwght ) and an explanatory variable, average number of cigarettes the mother smoked per day during pregnancy (cigs). The following simple regression was estimated using data on n = 1388 births: bwght hat = 119.77 - .514 cigs

1. What is the predicted birth weight when cigs = 0? What about when cigs = 20 (one pack per day)? Comment on the difference.
2. Does this simple regression necessarily capture a causal relationship between the child’s birth weight and the mother’s smoking habits? Explain.
3. To predict a birth weight of 125 ounces, what would cigs have to be? Comment.
4. What would the coefficients be if birth weight is measured in grams (hint: 1 ounce=28.35 gram).

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