Section 3:

Using SPSS 18 p lease follow the steps in hypothesis t esting to provide your answers to each of these questions.

1. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of differing doses of insulin on the blood sugar levels of guinea pigs. The guinea pigs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (A, B, and C). Pre-treatment blood sugar levels were measured and the appropriate insulin treatment was administered according to group assignment. After three hours, the blood sugar levels were remeasured and the percentage decrease in blood sugar was calculated. We are assuming the data has equality of variance.

Research Question: Is there a difference in the average percentage decrease in blood sugar based on the insulin treatment administered?

1. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate a difference in mean scores among the groups? Test at the .05 level of significance level. Be sure to include the assumptions required to implement this test. State whether you would do a post hoc analysis and the tests you would use to do this if one is required (but do not have to do if one is indicated).
2. Test the data set for normality using the appropriate hypotheses.
3. Use the Scheffe test to determine which (if any) of the pairs of means differ significantly at the .05 level of significance

Solution: (i)

1. The effect of alcohol abuse on concentration and coordination was studied by comparing the time (in seconds) taken to complete a task involving hand/eye coordination. Twelve patients undergoing treatment for alcohol abuse and 12 non-abusers were enrolled in this study. To control for any influence of gender and age, the 24 subjects were blocked into three categories by age and gender. Use a two-way ANOVA test to do your analysis. We will assume this data set has equality of variance.

Research question: Does gender and abuse status have an influence on hand/eye coordination times?

i) What are the assumptions needed to conduct a two-way ANOVA?

1. Test the data set for normality using the appropriate hypotheses to answer the research question. Test at the 5% level of significance level.
2. Using a two-way ANOVA, determine if gender and abuse have an influence on hand/eye coordination times. Also see if there is an interaction between gender and abuse. Test at the 5% level of significance.

Section 4

1. Six weeks following a post-radical prostatectomy, 20 patients completed a measure of sexual function. Erectile function scale: severe (5-7), moderate (8-11), mild to moderate (12-16), mild (17-21), and no ED (22-25). Higher scores indicate higher function. One group had been taking Viagra pre-operatively every day 0.25 mg, and the other group had not used any type of erectile aid.

1. Using the Mann-Whitney U Test, at the \[\alpha =0.05\] level of significance, test the claim that the median of the sexual function scores for the Viagra group is more than the median of the sexual function scores for the no erectile aid group. Assume the necessary assumptions hold.

1. The sexual function scores (used in question #1) at six weeks were compared to those at 6 months for the patients who were taking Viagra.

1. Use the Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Rank Test to determine if there is any change in these patients’ level of sexual function. At the level of significance, test whether taking Viagra pre-operatively resulted in higher levels of sexual function at six months.

1. Family physicians in three health regions were provided with a one-day workshop on the management of hypertensive patients and the need for routine follow-up. At one month, the family physicians knowledge was measured using 20 questions. The scores could range from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating higher scores. Scores were obtained from family physicians practicing in urban, rural and academic clinics.

1. At the level of significance, use the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test to determine whether the family physicians performed equally well in the knowledge test based on the type of practice location. State what assumptions are required to conduct this test.

1. The beliefs held by adolescents (aged 12 to 17 years) regarding smoking and weight were examined. Respondents characterized their weight into three categories: underweight, overweight, or appropriate. Smoking status was categorized according to the answer to the question, "Do you currently smoke, meaning one or more cigarettes per day?"

1. Do the data provide sufficient evidence to suggest that weight perception and smoking status are related in adolescents?
2. Use a Chi-square test at the \[\alpha =0.05\] level to conduct this analysis and state the assumptions required when using this test.

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