Question 1: Descriptive Statistics

The first step in the analysis of any data file is to obtain descriptive statistics on each of your variables. These can be used to check for out-of-range cases, to explore the distribution of the scores, and to describe your sample in the Method section of a report.

Use the instructions in Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 of the SPSS Survival Manual to answer the following questions concerning the variables included in the survey.sav data file.

1. What is the mean age of the sample? What is the age range of the sample (minimum and maximum values)?
2. What is the percentage of males and females in the sample? Did any of the sample fail to indicate their gender?
3. What percentage of the sample were smokers?
4. Inspect the distribution of scores on the Total Negative Affect scale. How normal is the distribution? Are there any cases that you would consider outliers?

Question 2: Checking the Reliability of a Scale

If you use scales or standardized measures in your research (this is common in psychological research) it is important to assess the reliability (internal consistency) of the scores on the scale in your sample. The following exercise gives you some practice in this process.

Follow the procedure in Chapter 9 of the SPSS Survival Manual to assess the reliability of the following scales. You will need to refer to the codebook in the appendix to identify the items that make up each of the scales.

1. Optimism scale (op1 to op6)
2. Perceived Stress scale (pc1 to pc18)
3. Self-esteem scale (sest1 to sest10)

Question 3: Correlation

Using the data file staffsurvey.sav follow the instructions in Chapter 11 to explore the relationship between the total satisfaction and age. Present the results in a brief report.

Use the instructions in Chapter 11 to generate a full correlation matrix to check the intercorrelations among the following variables.

age

city

service

employment status

Question 4: Partial Correlation

Follow the procedures detailed in Chapter 12 of the SPSS Survival Manual to calculate the partial correlation between total satisfaction and city while controlling for the effects of age.

Compare the zero order correlations with the partial correlation coefficients to see if controlling for age had any effect.

Question 5: Non-Parametric Tests

Using the depress.sav data file, choose which statistical test(s) you should use to compare each of the variables. Explain your thought process in choosing the appropriate statistical test.

Question 6: T-Tests

Using the sleep.sav data file, run the appropriate T-test(s) to determine how the means of each variable compare to the total variable (totsas).

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